Half Life 2 is a first-person shooter by Valve Corporation.
Half-life definition, the time required for one half the atoms of a given amount of a radioactive substance to disintegrate. Directed by Randy Pitchford. With Kathy Levin, Lani Minella, Brice Armstrong, Harry S. Gordon Freeman must fight his way out of a secret research facility after a teleportation experiment goes disastrously wrong. Half-Life: C.A.G.E.D. Is a return to the golden age of First Person Shooters. Break from captivity, conquer the facility and discover the secrets of Half-Life: C.A.G.E.D.! Featuring: Full single player campaign. Unlock-able bonus content. Music from artist Lazerhawk. Developer commentary mode. Half life is defined and the graphs are used to measure the half life of standard samples. Unknown radio active samples are provided. The student can then apply the same technique to these samples. Directed by Dennis O'Rourke. A documentary on American nuclear testing in the Pacific atolls.
Six years did fans of the critically acclaimed Half Life have to wait for its successor, Half Life 2. Developed by the Valve Corporation, it was the very first game to use the developer's Source engine. Continuing the story of scientist-turned-action-hero Gordan Freeman in a alternate Earth world where aliens had arrived from another dimension after a science experiment gone horribly wrong in the first game, players experience a first-person shooter like none other, with outstanding graphics for its time as well as a realistic physics engine, which the game took full advantage of.
As in the first game, Gordan begins his adventure without any weapons and slowly builds up an arsenal to face consistently more ferocious enemies. The world has changed a lot since Gordan's escape from Black Mesa, as now twenty years have passed and a multidimensional corporation, Combine, has taken control of the planet. A police state was put in place and the citizens suppressed. As to be expected, an underground resistance movement formed and Gordon is introduced to them early in the game. Fan-favourite character Barney Calhoun is back to help Gordon out, going undercover as an officer for Combine. Alyx Vance, the daughter of one of Gordan's former co-workers at Black Mesa, is the games female star, shedding some humanity and passion into an otherwise bleak world.
Half Life 3 Confirmed
Gordon meets further characters, both friend and foe, throughout the game, and as in the first installment of the franchise, he has to fight his way out of difficult situations and use the environment to overcome obstacles. Without giving away too much information, it is safe to say that Half Life 2 ends in as just a dramatic fashion as the first game. An enjoyable part to the game is use of vehicles, including beach buggies and speedboats, which are a pleasant change of pace to an otherwise long trek on foot. Players should not get carried away with the joy riding, as they might pass their objective!
Fans were given more of the game in two sequels, titled Half Life 2: Episode One and Half Life 2: Episode Two, as well as an additional level to the game, Half Life 2: Lost Coast. Fans hoping for Half Life 3 might be disappointed, as Gabe Newell, founder of Valve, stated that the expansions to Half Life 2 were essentially Half Life 3. We live in hope that this is just an elaborate bluff to allow for the announcement of Half Life 3 to be even more spectacular.
As with the original Half Life, the community was able to develop mods for the game, one of the most famous being Garry's Mod. Other Valve games - not mods of Half Life 2 - based on the Source engine include Counterstrike: Source, the moderately successful sequel to Counterstrike 1.6, and Day of Defeat: Source.
Pros
- Best graphics and physics engine for its time
- Unique and compelling story
- Fluent gameplay
Cons
- A nagging longing for Half Life 3
The Half-Life calculator can be used to understand the radioactive decay principles. It can be used to calculate the half-life of a radioactive element, the time elapsed, initial quantity, and remaining quantity of an element. Half-life is a concept widely used in chemistry, physics, biology, and pharmacology.
What is half life?
There are stable and unstable nuclei in each radioactive element. Unstable nuclei are radioactive decay and emit alpha, beta, or gamma-rays that eventually decay to stable nuclei while stable nuclei of a radioactive don’t change. Half-life is defined as the time needed to undergo its decay process for half of the unstable nuclei.
Each radioactive element has a different half life decay time. The half-life of carbon-10, for example, is only 19 seconds, so it is impossible to find this isotope in nature. Uranium-233 has a half-life of about 160000 years, on the other hand. This shows the variation in the half-life of different elements.
The concept if half-life can also be used to characterize some exponential decay. For instance, the biological half-life of metabolites.
Half-life is more like a probability measure. It doesn't mean that half of the radioactive element would have decayed after the half-life is over. However, it is a highly accurate estimate when enough nuclei are available in a radioactive element.
Half life formula
By using the following decay formula, the number of unstable nuclei in a radioactive element left after t can be calculated:
(N(t) = N_0 times 0.5^{(t/T)})
![Half-life definition Half-life definition](/uploads/1/1/9/8/119845295/946389702.jpg)
In this equation:
N(t) refers to the quantity of a radioactive element that exists after time t has elapsed.
N(0) refers to the initial amount of the element.
T refers to the half-life of an element.
The remaining amount of a material can also be calculated using a variety of other parameters:
(N (t) = N_0 times e^{-dfrac{t}{tau}})
(N (t) = N_0 times e^{(-lambda t)})
λ refers to the decay constant, which is the rate of decay of an element.
τ refers to the mean lifetime of an element. The average time a nucleus has remained unchanged.
The foregoing are all three equations that characterize the radioactivity of material and are linked to each other, which can be expressed as follow:
How to calculate half life?
As of now, you have been through the formula for half-life, and you may be wondering how to find half-life by using that half-life equation. Calculating half-life is somewhat complicated, but we will simplify the process for your understanding. Let’s calculate the half-life of an element by assuming a few things for the sake of calculations.
- Suppose the original amount of a radioactive element is:
N (0) = 200 g
- Now let’s assume the final quantity of that element is:
N (t) = 50 g
- If it took 120 seconds to decay from 3 kg to 1 kg, the time elapsed would be:
t = 120 seconds
- Write the half-life equation and place the above values in that equation:
T = 60 seconds
So, if an element with the initial value of 200 grams decayed to 50 grams in 120 seconds, its half-life will 60 seconds.
Similarly, you can also calculate other parameters such as initial quantity, remaining quantity, and time by using the above equations. If you don’t want to get yourself into these complex calculations, just put the values in the above calculator. Our calculator will simplify the whole process for you.
Check out a few more calculators by us, designed specifically for you.
Example
How many grams of an isotope will remain in 30 years if the half-life of 500 grams of a radioactive isotope is 6 years?
Solution:
In this half-life problem, we already have a half-life, time, and initial quantity of a radioactive isotope. We need to calculate the remaining quantity of that isotope. Let’s find the remaining quantity step by step:
- Identify the values from the above problem description.
N (t) =?
N (0) = 500 g
T = 6 years
t = 30 years
- Write the equation of half-life and substitute the values.
- Solve the equation for the remaining quantity N (t). After simplifying these values, we will get:
N (t) = 15.625 g
Half-life 2
A radioactive isotope will remain 15.625 grams after 30 years if its half-life is 6 years, and initial values are 500 grams. Similarly, the elapsed time t and the initial quantity N (0) of a radioactive isotope can also be calculated by following the same process.
How to use our half life calculator?
Calculating half-life using the above calculator is very simple because you just have to input values to get half-life of any element. This calculator not only calculates the half-life, but it can also be used to calculate the other parameters of the half-life equation such as time elapsed, initial and remaining value. You can find the different tabs for calculating each parameter.
Half-life Equation
To calculate the half-life of an element, go to the half-life tab:
Half-life Chemistry
- Enter the initial and remaining quantity of the element in the corresponding input boxes.
- Enter the total time it took to decay. You can select the unit of time from seconds, minutes, hours, months, year, etc.
- Press the Calculate It will instantly show you the half-life of the element.
Half-life 2 Free Download
Similarly, you can calculate initial and remaining values as well as the time elapsed by clicking on the respective tabs and entering values in the input boxes. You don’t need to put any effort into calculating half life because this calculator does all the complex calculations by only taking values and give the results in a blink of an eye. Moreover, you can use this calculator to solve any type of half-life problems in school or college.